Philipp Schmid

philipp.schmid@uni-erfurt.de
Philipp Schmid

Research

Research focus

  • Psychology and health decision making
  • Science denialism
  • Risk perception and communication

My work aims at analyzing the impact of messages of science denialism on individual's health decision-making as well as designing interventions to reduce its influence. Science denialism is an approach that has the ultimate goal of rejecting a proposition on which a scientific consensus exists. In the age of mass media science denialism has multiplied its reach and availability, which threatens the acceptance and lifesaving use of health-treatments and prevention behavior - e.g. HIV-treatments or vaccines. Deniers use different techniques, such as conspiracy theories or false logic, to promote their messages of science denial. In order to understand the influence of these messages on individuals' health decision-making I apply an empirical judgment and decision-making perspective. Furthermore, I use literature from the areas of psychology of persuasion and debunking to design and test promising interventions. I aim at generating basic research results, which are applicable for recommendations and guidelines for health authorities. My research in this area mainly focuses on vaccine decision-making and will contribute to the question of how to respond to vaccine deniers

Dissertation project

The influence of science denialism on health decision making. How should health authorities respond?

 

Open Science

I am committed to Open Science and a member of the Erfurt Open Science Initiative. I embrace the values of openness and transparency in science by applying Open Science practices in my research, teaching, support of young researchers and interactions with my institution.

 

Curriculum Vitae

Current memberships

  • Since 2015 member of the Center of Empirical Research in Economics and Behavioral Sciences CEREB
  • Since 2015 member of the University of Erfurt network GENIA
  • Since 2016 doctoral student in the project  Impfen 60+
  • Since 2020 Member of the COSMO group

Talks

  • Schmid, P., Betsch, C., (2018). How to respond to persuasive messages of vaccine deniers in public debates. The Risk and Uncertainty Conference (RUC), Amsterdam (Netherlands).
  • Schmid, P., Betsch, C., (2018). How to respond to persuasive messages of vaccine deniers - Experimental verification of a two-dimensional debunking strategy. International Meeting of the Psychonomic Society, Amsterdam (Netherlands).
  • Schmid, P., Betsch, C., (2018). Debunking of persuasive messages of vaccine denial; An empirical verification of a two dimensional debunking strategy [Persuasive Botschaften von Impfgegnern entkräften; Experimentelle Überprüfung einer zweidimensionalen Debunking Strategie] Update 2. Kongress der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Psychologie (DGPS), Frankfurt (Germany).
  • Schmid, P., Betsch, C., (2018). Fake news und Mythen im Gesundheitsbereich entkräften. Was funktioniert? Ein psychologischer Blick. Herbstsymposium Institut für Qualität und Wirtschaftlichkeit im Gesundheitswesen. (IQWiG), Köln (Germany).
  • Schmid, P., Betsch, C., (2018). How to respond to vocal vaccine deniers in public. Fondation Merieux: Strategies to Increase Vaccine Acceptance and Uptake, Annecy (France).
  • Schmid, P., Betsch, C., (2017). Debunking of persuasive messages of vaccine denial; An empirical verification of a two dimensional debunking strategy [Persuasive Botschaften von Impfgegnern entkräften; Experimentelle Überprüfung einer zweidimensionalen Debunking Strategie] Update 1. 2.Jahrestagung der DGPuK - Fachgruppe Gesundheitskommunikation, Erfurt (Germany).
  • Schmid, P., Betsch, C., (2017). Debunking of persuasive messages of vaccine denial; An empirical verification of a two dimensional debunking strategy [Persuasive Botschaften von Impfgegnern entkräften; Experimentelle Überprüfung einer zweidimensionalen Debunking Strategie]. Kongress für Gesundheitspsychologie (DGPS), Siegen (Germany).
  • Schmid, P., Betsch, C., (2017). Impfcompliance – Psychologische Erklärungs- und Interventionsansätze. 31. Freiburger Symposium Arbeitsmedizin im Gesundheitsdienst, Freiburg (Germany).
  • Schmid, P., Betsch, C., (2017). Vaccination; A social decision. [Impfen als soziale Entscheidung]. 25. Jahrestagung der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Pädiatrische Infektiologie e. V. (DGPI), Dresden (Germany).
  • Schmid, P., Betsch, C., (2016). Vaccine Scepticism, Vaccine Criticism, Vaccine Hesitancy, [Impfskepsis, Impfkritik, Impfmüdigkeit]. Workshop des ÄKBV Ärztlicher Kreis- und Bezirksverband München, München (Germany).
  • Schmid, P., Betsch, C., (2016). The Four Reasons of Vaccine Refusal – Development of a Measurement Tool. [Die 4 Gründe von Impfverweigerung – Entwicklung und Validierung eines Messinstruments]. Kongress der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Psychologie (DGPS), Leipzig (Germany).
  • Schmid, P., Betsch, C., (2016). Hesitancy Issues for Influenza Vaccination: A Literature Review. Third WHO Consultation on Global Action Plan for Influenza Vaccines (GAP III). Geneva (Switzerland).
  • Schmid, P., Betsch, C., (2016). Psychology of Vaccine Decision Making [Die Psychologie der Impfentscheidung] in Vaccination in Austria – Status Quo and Quo Vadis. Forum Alpbach, Alpbach (Austria).

Academic career

  • 08/2015 Master (M.Sc.) - Thesis: The influence of social norms on vaccine intentions.
  • 08/2013 Bachelor (B.A.) - Thesis: On culturally sensitive health communication and the influence of collectivism on vaccine intentions.
  • 2008 Abitur (German university entrance diploma), Graf-Anton-Günther Gymnasium Oldenburg

Employment

  • 10/2016 - current University of Erfurt: research fellow until 2019
  • 12/2015 - current World Health Organization Europe consultant
  • 11/2015 - 2016 - University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf: research fellow
  • 02/2011- 2015 - University of Erfurt: research assistant

Publications

  • Betsch, C., Korn, L., Sprengholz, P., Felgendreff, L., Eitze, S., Schmid, P., & Böhm, R. (2020). Social and behavioral consequences of mask policies during the COVID-19 pandemic. P Natl Acad Sci USA, https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2011674117.
  • Habersaat, K., Betsch, C., Danchin, M., Sunstein, C., Böhm, R., Falk, A., Brewer, N.T., Omer, S.B., Scherzer, M., Sah, S., Fischer, E.F., Scheel, A.E., Fancourt, D., Kitayama, S., Dubé, E., Leask, J., Dutta, M., MacDonald, N.E., Temkina, A., Lieberoth, A., Jackson, M. Lewandowsky, S., Seale, H., Fiethe, N., Schmid, P., Gelfand, M., Korn, L., Eitze, S., Felgendreff, L. Sprengholz, P., Salvi, C., Butler, R (2020). Ten considerations for effectively managing the COVID-19 transition. Nat Hum Behav. doi.org/10.1038/s41562-020-0906-x  
  • Betsch, C., Wieler, L.H., Habersaat, K. and the COSMO group (2020). Rapid, flexible, cost-effective monitoring tool for behavioural insights related to COVID-19 across countries. The Lancet, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30729-7. 
    • The COSMO group for this paper are: Cornelia Betsch (PI), Lars Korn, Lisa Felgendreff, Sarah Eitze, Philipp Schmid, Philipp Sprengholz (University of Erfurt), Lothar H Wieler, Patrick Schmich (Robert Koch-Institute), Volker Stollorz (Science Media Center Germany), Michael Ramharter (Bernhard-Nocht-Institute for Tropical Medicine), Michael Bosnjak (Leibniz Institute for Psychology Information), Saad B. Omer (Yale Institute for Global Health), Katrine Habersaat, Martha Scherzer and Cristiana Salvi (WHO Regional Office for Europe).
  • Schmid, P., & Betsch, C. (2019). Effective strategies for rebutting science denialism in public discussions. Nature Human Behaviour. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41562-019-0632-4 
  • Betsch, C., Böhm, R., Schmid, P., Korn, L., Steinmeyer, L., Heinemeier, D., Eitze, S. & Küpke, N.K. (2019). Impfverhalten psychologisch erklären, messen und verändern. Bundesgesundheitsblatt, 1-10. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00103-019-02900-6 
  • Betsch C, Schmid P, Heinemeier D, Korn L, Holtmann C, Böhm R (2018) Beyond confidence: Development of a measure assessing the 5C psychological antecedents of vaccination. PLoS ONE 13(12): e0208601. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0208601  Open Data Open Material
  • Betsch, C., Rossmann, C., Pletz, M.W., Vollmar, H.C., Freytag, A., Wichmann, O., Hanke, R., Hanke, W., Heinemeier, D., Schmid, P., Eitze, S., Weber, W., Reinhardt, A., Küpke, N.K., Forstner, C., Fleischmann-Struzek, C., Mikolajetz, A., Römhild, J., Neufeind, J., Rieck, T., Suchecka, K., Reinhart, K. (2018). Increasing influenza and pneumococcal vaccine uptake in the elderly: Study protocol for the multi-methods prospective intervention study Vaccination60+. BMC Public Health, 18(1), 885. doi: 10.1186/s12889-018-5787-9 
  • Betsch, C., Bödeker, B., Schmid, P., & Wichmann, O. (2018). How baby’s first shot determines the development of maternal attitudes towards vaccination. Vaccine, 36(21), 3018-3026.
  • Schmid, P., MacDonald, N. E., Habersaat, K., & Butler, R. (2018). Commentary to: How to respond to vocal vaccine deniers in public. Vaccine, 36, 196-198. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vaccine.2016.09.065 
  • Betsch, C., Schmid, P., Holtmann, C., Heinemeier, D. & Korn, L. (2018). Erklärung und Veränderung von Präventionsverhalten. In:  Kohlmann, C.-W., Salewski, C., Wirtz, M. A. (Hrsg.) (2018). Psychologie in der Gesundheitsförderung. Bern: Hogrefe.
  • Schmid P, Rauber D, Betsch C, Lidolt G, Denker M-L (2017) Barriers of Influenza Vaccination Intention and Behavior – A Systematic Review of Influenza Vaccine Hesitancy, 2005 – 2016. PLoS ONE 12(1): e0170550. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0170550  Open Data
  • World Health Organization, Regional Office for Europe (2017). Vaccination and trust - How concerns arise and the role of communication in mitigating crises. Authored by Cornelia Betsch, Constanze Rossmann, Katrine Bach-Habersaat, Philipp Schmid, Cindy Holtmann, Lars Korn, Jascha Wiehn, Linda Mummer.
  • World Health Organization, Regional Office for Europe (2016). Best practice guidance: How to respond to vocal vaccine deniers in public. Authored by Philipp Schmid, Noni MacDonald, Katrine Habersaat, Robb Butler.
  • Betsch, C., Haase, N., Renkewitz, F. & Schmid, P. (2015). The narrative bias revisited: What drives the biasing influence of narrative information on risk perceptions? Judgment and Decision Making, 10, 241-264.
  • Betsch, C. & Schmid, P. (2012). Angst essen Impfbereitschaft auf? Der Einfluss kognitiver und affektiver Faktoren auf die Risikowahrnehmung im Ausbruchsgeschehen. [The influence of cognitive and affective aspects of risk perception during outbreaks.] Bundesgesundheitsblatt, 56, 124-130.

Preprints

  • Betsch, C., Korn, L., Felgendreff, L., Eitze, S., Schmid, P., Sprengholz, P., Wieler, L., Schmich, P., Stollorz, V., Ramharter, M., Bosnjak, M., Omer, S. B., Thaiss, H., De Bock, F., & Von Rüden, U. (2020). German COVID-19 Snapshot Monitoring (COSMO) - Welle 17 (21.07.2020). PsychArchives. https://doi.org/10.23668/PSYCHARCHIVES.3156 
  • Betsch, C., Korn, L., Felgendreff, L., Eitze, S., Schmid, P., Sprengholz, P., Wieler, L., Schmich, P., Stollorz, V., Ramharter, M., Bosnjak, M., Omer, S. B., Thaiss, H., De Bock, F., & Von Rüden, U. (2020). German COVID-19 Snapshot Monitoring (COSMO) - Welle 16 (07.07.2020). PsychArchives. https://doi.org/10.23668/PSYCHARCHIVES.3155
  • Betsch, C., Korn, L., Felgendreff, L., Eitze, S., Schmid, P., Sprengholz, P., Wieler, L., Schmich, P., Stollorz, V., Ramharter, M., Bosnjak, M., Omer, S. B., Thaiss, H., De Bock, F., Von Rüden, U., Lämmlin, G., & Ahrens, P.-A. (2020). German COVID-19 Snapshot Monitoring (COSMO) - Welle 15 (23.06.2020). PsychArchives. doi.org/10.23668/PSYCHARCHIVES.3142
  • Betsch, C., Korn, L., Felgendreff, L., Eitze, S., Schmid, P., Sprengholz, P., Wieler, L., Schmich, P., Stollorz, V., Ramharter, M., Bosnjak, M., Omer, S. B., Thaiss, H., De Bock, F., Von Rüden, U., Krauth, C., Bruder, M., Eger, J., Faust, J., & Schneider, S. (2020). German COVID-19 Snapshot Monitoring (COSMO) - Welle 14 (09.06.2020). PsychArchives. https://doi.org/10.23668/PSYCHARCHIVES.3141 
  • Betsch, C., Korn, L., Felgendreff, L., Eitze, S., Schmid, P., Sprengholz, P., Wieler, L., Schmich, P., Stollorz, V., Ramharter, M., Bosnjak, M., Omer, S. B., Thaiss, H., De Bock, F., Von Rüden, U., & Lieb, K. (2020). German COVID-19 Snapshot Monitoring (COSMO) - Welle 13 (26.05.2020). PsychArchives. http://dx.doi.org/10.23668/psycharchives.3054 
  • Betsch, C., Korn, L., Felgendreff, L., Eitze, S., Schmid, P., Sprengholz, P., Wieler, L., Schmich, P., Stollorz, V., Ramharter, M., Bosnjak, M., Omer, S. B., Thaiss, H., De Bock, F., Von Rüden, U., Ebert, C., Steinert, J., & Bruder, M. (2020). German COVID-19 Snapshot Monitoring (COSMO) - Welle 12 (19.05.2020). PsychArchives. https://doi.org/10.23668/PSYCHARCHIVES.3023 
  • Betsch, C., Korn, L., Felgendreff, L., Eitze, S., Schmid, P., Sprengholz, P., Wieler, L., Schmich, P., Stollorz, V., Ramharter, M., Bosnjak, M., Omer, S. B., Thaiss, H., De Bock, F., Von Rüden, U., Crocket, M., Brockmann, D., & Schlosser, F. (2020). German COVID-19 Snapshot Monitoring (COSMO) - Welle 11 (12.05.2020). PsychArchives. http://dx.doi.org/10.23668/psycharchives.3022 
  • Betsch, C., Korn, L., Felgendreff, L., Eitze, S., Schmid, P., Sprengholz, P., Wieler, L., Schmich, P., Stollorz, V., Ramharter, M., Bosnjak, M., Omer, S. B., Thaiss, H., De Bock, F., Von Rüden, U., & Imhoff, R. (2020). German COVID-19 Snapshot Monitoring (COSMO) - Welle 10 (05.05.2020). PsychArchives. https://doi.org/10.23668/PSYCHARCHIVES.2900
  • Betsch, C., Korn, L., Felgendreff, L., Eitze, S., Schmid, P., Sprengholz, P., Wieler, L., Schmich, P., Stollorz, V., Ramharter, M., Bosnjak, M., Omer, S. B., Thaiss, H., De Bock, F., Von Rüden, U., Crockett, M., Krauth, C., Brockmann, D., & Schlosser, F. (2020). German COVID-19 Snapshot Monitoring (COSMO) - Welle 9 (28.04.2020). PsychArchives. https://doi.org/10.23668/PSYCHARCHIVES.2890 
  • Betsch, C., Korn, L., Felgendreff, L., Eitze, S., Schmid, P., Sprengholz, P., Wieler, L., Schmich, P., Stollorz, V., Ramharter, M., Bosnjak, M., Omer, S. B., Thaiss, H., De Bock, F., Von Rüden, U., Bruder, M., Eger, J., Schneiderm S, Lieb, K., & König, H.-H. (2020). German COVID-19 Snapshot Monitoring (COSMO) - Welle 8 (21.04.2020). PsychArchives. http://dx.doi.org/10.23668/psycharchives.2883 
  • Betsch, C., Korn, L., Felgendreff, L., Eitze, S., Schmid, P., Sprengholz, P., Wieler, L., Schmich, P., Stollorz, V., Ramharter, M., Bosnjak, M., Omer, S. B., Thaiss, H., De Bock, F., Von Rüden, U., Lämmlin, G., & Ahrens, P.-A. (2020). German COVID-19 Snapshot Monitoring (COSMO) - Welle 7 (14.04.2020). PsychArchives. https://doi.org/10.23668/PSYCHARCHIVES.2875 
  • Betsch, C., Korn, L., Felgendreff, L., Eitze, S., Schmid, P., Sprengholz, P., Wieler, L., Schmich, P., Stollorz, V., Ramharter, M., Bosnjak, M., Omer, S. B., Thaiss, H., De Bock, F., Von Rüden, U., Ebert, C., & Steinert, J. (2020). German COVID-19 Snapshot Monitoring (COSMO) - Welle 6 (07.04.2020). PsychArchives. https://doi.org/10.23668/PSYCHARCHIVES.2874 
  • Betsch, C., Korn, L., Felgendreff, L., Eitze, S., Schmid, P., Sprengholz, P., Wieler, L., Schmich, P., Stollorz, V., Ramharter, M., Bosnjak, M., Omer, S. B., Thaiss, H., De Bock, F., Von Rüden, U., Lieb, K., & Thrull, J. (2020). German COVID-19 Snapshot Monitoring (COSMO) - Welle 5 (31.03.2020). PsychArchives. https://doi.org/10.23668/PSYCHARCHIVES.2863 
  • Betsch, C., Korn, L., Felgendreff, L., Eitze, S., Schmid, P., Sprengholz, P., Wieler, L., Schmich, P., Stollorz, V., Ramharter, M., Bosnjak, M., Omer, S. B., Thaiss, H., De Bock, F., Von Rüden, U., Lieb, K., Thrull, J., & Lämmlin, G. (2020). German COVID-19 Snapshot Monitoring (COSMO) - Welle 4 (24.03.2020). PsychArchives. https://doi.org/10.23668/PSYCHARCHIVES.2862 
  • Betsch, C., Korn, L., Felgendreff, L., Eitze, S., Schmid, P., Sprengholz, P., Wieler, L., Schmich, P., Stollorz, V., Ramharter, M., Bosnjak, M., & Omer, S. B. (2020). German COVID-19 Snapshot Monitoring (COSMO) - Welle 3 (17.03.2020). PsychArchives. https://doi.org/10.23668/PSYCHARCHIVES.2861 
  • Betsch, C., Korn, L., Felgendreff, L., Eitze, S., Schmid, P., Sprengholz, P., Wieler, L., Schmich, P., Stollorz, V., Ramharter, M., Bosnjak, M., & Omer, S. B. (2020). German COVID-19 Snapshot Monitoring (COSMO) - Welle 2 (13.03.2020). PsychArchives. http://dx.doi.org/10.23668/psycharchives.2860 
  • Betsch, C., Korn, L., Felgendreff, L., Eitze, S., Schmid, P., Sprengholz, P., Wieler, L., Schmich, P., Stollorz, V., Ramharter, M., Bosnjak, M., & Omer, S. B. (2020). German COVID-19 Snapshot Monitoring (COSMO) - Welle 1 (03.03.2020). PsychArchives. https://doi.org/10.23668/PSYCHARCHIVES.2859